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</style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.69, Apr 11 2016</font></td><td><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="sessionidgenerator.html">SessionIdGenerator</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>web.xml</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Container Provided Filters</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter">Add Default Character Set Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter">CORS Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#CORS_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter_and_HttpServletRequest_attributes">CORS Filter and HttpServletRequest attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter">CSRF Prevention Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs">CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs</a><ol><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Basic_configuration_sample">Basic configuration sample</a></li><li><a href="#RestCsrfPreventionFilter_and_HttpServletRequest_parameters">RestCsrfPreventionFilter and HttpServletRequest parameters</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter">Expires Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Basic_configuration_sample">Basic configuration sample</a></li><li><a href="#Alternate_Syntax">Alternate Syntax</a></li><li><a href="#Expiration_headers_generation_eligibility">Expiration headers generation eligibility</a></li><li><a href="#Expiration_configuration_selection">Expiration configuration selection</a></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter">Failed Request Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#HTTP_Header_Security_Filter">HTTP Header Security Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#HTTP_Header_Security_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#HTTP_Header_Security_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#HTTP_Header_Security_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter">Remote Address Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Example">Example</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter">Remote Host Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter">Remote IP Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'">Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for'</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'_and_'x-forwarded-proto'">Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for' and 'x-forwarded-proto'</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_internal_proxies">Advanced configuration with internal proxies</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_trusted_proxies">Advanced configuration with trusted proxies</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_internal_and_trusted_proxies">Advanced configuration with internal and trusted proxies</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_an_untrusted_proxy">Advanced configuration with an untrusted proxy</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter">Request Dumper Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Sample_Configuration">Sample Configuration</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter">Set Character Encoding Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter">WebDAV Fix Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li></ul>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>Tomcat provides a number of <strong>Filters</strong> which may be
  configured for use with all web applications using
  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code> or may be configured for individual
  web applications by configuring them in the application's
  <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code>. Each filter is described below.</p>

<p><em>This description uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</em></p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter"></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter"><strong>Add Default Character Set Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The HTTP specification is clear that if no character set is specified for
    media sub-types of the "text" media type, the ISO-8859-1 character set must
    be used. However, browsers may attempt to auto-detect the character set.
    This may be exploited by an attacker to perform an XSS attack. Internet
    Explorer has this behaviour by default. Other browsers have an option to
    enable it.</p>

<p>This filter prevents the attack by explicitly setting a character set.
    Unless the provided character set is explicitly overridden by the user the
    browser will adhere to the explicitly set character set, thus preventing the
    XSS attack.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Add Default Character Set Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.AddDefaultCharsetFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The Add Default Character Set Filter supports the following initialization
    parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter"></a><a name="CORS_Filter"><strong>CORS Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="CORS_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>This filter is an implementation of W3C's CORS (Cross-Origin Resource
    Sharing) <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/cors/">specification</a>, which is a
    mechanism that enables cross-origin requests.</p>
    <p>The filter works by adding required <code>Access-Control-*</code> headers
    to HttpServletResponse object. The filter also protects against HTTP
    response splitting. If request is invalid, or is not permitted, then request
    is rejected with HTTP status code 403 (Forbidden). A
    <a href="../images/cors-flowchart.png">flowchart</a> that
    demonstrates request processing by this filter is available.</p>
    <p>The minimal configuration required to use this filter is:</p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;filter&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
&lt;/filter&gt;
&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="CORS_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>The filter class name for the CORS Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter</code></strong>.</p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="CORS_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>The CORS Filter supports following initialisation parameters:</p>
    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.allowed.origins</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>A list of <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6454">origins</a>
        that are allowed to access the resource. A <code>*</code> can be
        specified to enable access to resource from any origin. Otherwise, a
        whitelist of comma separated origins can be provided. Eg: <code>
        http://www.w3.org, https://www.apache.org</code>.
        <strong>Defaults:</strong> <code>*</code> (Any origin is allowed to
        access the resource).</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.allowed.methods</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>A comma separated list of HTTP methods that can be used to access the
        resource, using cross-origin requests. These are the methods which will
        also be included as part of <code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code> 
        header in pre-flight response. Eg: <code>GET, POST</code>.
        <strong>Defaults:</strong> <code>GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS</code></p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.allowed.headers</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>A comma separated list of request headers that can be used when
        making an actual request. These headers will also be returned as part 
        of <code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code> header in a pre-flight
        response. Eg: <code>Origin,Accept</code>. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
        <code>Origin, Accept, X-Requested-With, Content-Type,
        Access-Control-Request-Method, Access-Control-Request-Headers</code></p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.exposed.headers</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>A comma separated list of headers other than simple response headers
        that browsers are allowed to access. These are the headers which will 
        also be included as part of <code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code> 
        header in the pre-flight response. Eg:
        <code>X-CUSTOM-HEADER-PING,X-CUSTOM-HEADER-PONG</code>.
        <strong>Default:</strong> None. Non-simple headers are not exposed by
        default.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.preflight.maxage</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>The amount of seconds, browser is allowed to cache the result of the
        pre-flight request. This will be included as part of
        <code>Access-Control-Max-Age</code> header in the pre-flight response.
        A negative value will prevent CORS Filter from adding this response
        header to pre-flight response. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
        <code>1800</code></p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.support.credentials</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>A flag that indicates whether the resource supports user credentials.
        This flag is exposed as part of
        <code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code> header in a pre-flight
        response. It helps browser determine whether or not an actual request
        can be made using credentials. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
        <code>true</code></p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.request.decorate</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>A flag to control if CORS specific attributes should be added to
        HttpServletRequest object or not. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
        <code>true</code></p>
      </td></tr></table>
    <p>Here's an example of a more advanced configuration, that overrides
    defaults:</p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;filter&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.allowed.origins&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;*&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.allowed.methods&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;GET,POST,HEAD,OPTIONS,PUT&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.allowed.headers&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;Content-Type,X-Requested-With,accept,Origin,Access-Control-Request-Method,Access-Control-Request-Headers&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.exposed.headers&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;Access-Control-Allow-Origin,Access-Control-Allow-Credentials&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.support.credentials&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;true&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.preflight.maxage&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;10&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
&lt;/filter&gt;
&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter and HttpServletRequest attributes"></a><a name="CORS_Filter_and_HttpServletRequest_attributes"><strong>CORS Filter and HttpServletRequest attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>CORS Filter adds information about the request, in HttpServletRequest
    object, for consumption downstream. Following attributes are set, if
    <code>cors.request.decorate</code> initialisation parameter is
    <code>true</code>:</p>
    <ul>
      <li><strong>cors.isCorsRequest:</strong> Flag to determine if request is
          a CORS request.</li>
      <li><strong>cors.request.origin:</strong> The Origin URL, i.e. the URL of
          the page from where the request originated.</li>
      <li><strong>cors.request.type:</strong> Type of CORS request. Possible
          values:
        <ul>
          <li><code>SIMPLE</code>: A request which is not preceded by a
              pre-flight request.</li>
          <li><code>ACTUAL</code>: A request which is preceded by a pre-flight
              request.</li>
          <li><code>PRE_FLIGHT</code>: A pre-flight request.</li>
          <li><code>NOT_CORS</code>: A normal same-origin request.</li>
          <li><code>INVALID_CORS</code>: A cross-origin request, which is
              invalid.</li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li><strong>cors.request.headers:</strong> Request headers sent as
          <code>Access-Control-Request-Headers</code> header, for a pre-flight 
          request.
      </li>
    </ul>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter"><strong>CSRF Prevention Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>This filter provides basic CSRF protection for a web application. The
    filter assumes that it is mapped to <code>/*</code> and that all URLs
    returned to the client are encoded via a call to
    <code>HttpServletResponse#encodeRedirectURL(String)</code> or
    <code>HttpServletResponse#encodeURL(String)</code>.</p>

<p>This filter prevents CSRF by generating a nonce and storing it in the
    session. URLs are also encoded with the same nonce. When the next request is
    received the nonce in the request is compared to the nonce in the session
    and only if they are the same is the request allowed to continue.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the CSRF Prevention Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The CSRF Prevention Filter supports the following initialisation
    parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs"><strong>CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs/Introduction"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>This filter provides basic CSRF protection for REST APIs. The CSRF
    protection is applied only for modifying HTTP requests (different from GET,
    HEAD, OPTIONS) to protected resources. It is based on a custom header
    <code>X-CSRF-Token</code> that provides a valid nonce.</p>

<p>CSRF protection mechanism for REST APIs consists of the following steps:
      <ul>
        <li>Client asks for a valid nonce. This is performed with a
            non-modifying "Fetch" request to protected resource.</li>
        <li>Server responds with a valid nonce mapped to the current user
            session.</li>
        <li>Client provides this nonce in the subsequent modifying requests in
            the frame of the same user session.</li>
        <li>Server rejects all modifying requests to protected resources that
            do not contain a valid nonce.</li>
      </ul>
    </p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs/Basic configuration sample"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Basic_configuration_sample"><strong>Basic configuration sample</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>On the server side</p>

<ul>
      <li>All CSRF protected REST APIs should be protected with an authentication
          mechanism.</li>
      <li>Protect modifying REST APIs with this filter.</li>
      <li>Provide at least one non-modifying operation.</li>
    </ul>
      <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;filter&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;RestCSRF&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RestCsrfPreventionFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
&lt;/filter&gt;
&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;RestCSRF&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;!-- Modifying operations --&gt;
  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/resources/removeResource&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/resources/addResource&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
  &lt;!-- Non-modifying operations --&gt;
  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/resources/listResources&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>

<p>On the client side</p>

<ul>
      <li>Make a non-modifying "Fetch" request in order to obtain a valid nonce.
          This can be done with sending additional header
          <code>X-CSRF-Token: Fetch</code></li>
      <li>Cache the returned session id and nonce in order to provide them in
          the subsequent modifying requests to protected resources.</li>
      <li>Modifying requests can be denied and header
          <code>X-CSRF-Token: Required</code> will be returned in case of
          invalid or missing nonce, expired session or in case the session
          id is changed by the server.</li>
    </ul>
      <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Client Request:
GET /rest/resources/listResources HTTP/1.1
X-CSRF-Token: Fetch
Authorization: Basic ...
Host: localhost:8080
...

Server Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=...; Path=/rest; HttpOnly
X-CSRF-Token: ...
...

Client Request:
POST /rest/resources/addResource HTTP/1.1
Cookie: JSESSIONID=...
X-CSRF-Token: ...
Authorization: Basic ...
Host: localhost:8080
...

Server Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...</code></pre></div>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="RestCsrfPreventionFilter and HttpServletRequest parameters"></a><a name="RestCsrfPreventionFilter_and_HttpServletRequest_parameters"><strong>RestCsrfPreventionFilter and HttpServletRequest parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>When the client is not able to insert custom headers in its calls to
       REST APIs there is additional capability to configure URLs for which a
       valid nonce will be accepted as a request parameter.</p>

<p>Note: If there is a <code>X-CSRF-Token</code> header, it will be taken
       with preference over any parameter with the same name in the request.
       Request parameters cannot be used to fetch new nonce, only header can be
       used to request a new nonce.</p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;filter&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;RestCSRF&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RestCsrfPreventionFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
  &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;pathsAcceptingParams&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;/resources/removeResource,/resources/addResource&lt;/param-value&gt;
  &lt;/init-param&gt;
&lt;/filter&gt;
&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
  &lt;filter-name&gt;RestCSRF&lt;/filter-name&gt;
  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/resources/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RestCsrfPreventionFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter_for_REST_APIs/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The CSRF Prevention Filter for REST APIs supports the following
    initialisation parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>
    ExpiresFilter is a Java Servlet API port of <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_expires.html">Apache
    mod_expires</a>.
    This filter controls the setting of the <code>Expires</code> HTTP header and the
    <code>max-age</code> directive of the <code>Cache-Control</code> HTTP header in
    server responses. The expiration date can set to be relative to either the
    time the source file was last modified, or to the time of the client access.
    </p>

<p>
    These HTTP headers are an instruction to the client about the document's
    validity and persistence. If cached, the document may be fetched from the
    cache rather than from the source until this time has passed. After that, the
    cache copy is considered "expired" and invalid, and a new copy must
    be obtained from the source.
    </p>
    <p>
    To modify <code>Cache-Control</code> directives other than <code>max-age</code> (see
    <a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.9">RFC
    2616 section 14.9</a>), you can use other servlet filters or <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_headers.html">Apache Httpd
    mod_headers</a> module.
    </p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Basic configuration sample"></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Basic_configuration_sample"><strong>Basic configuration sample</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>
    Basic configuration to add '<code>Expires</code>' and '<code>Cache-Control: max-age=</code>'
    headers to images, css and javascript.
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;filter&gt;
 &lt;filter-name&gt;ExpiresFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
 &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
 &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType image&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 10 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
 &lt;/init-param&gt;
 &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType text/css&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 10 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
 &lt;/init-param&gt;
 &lt;init-param&gt;
    &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType application/javascript&lt;/param-name&gt;
    &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 10 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
 &lt;/init-param&gt;
&lt;/filter&gt;
...
&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
 &lt;filter-name&gt;ExpiresFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
 &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
 &lt;dispatcher&gt;REQUEST&lt;/dispatcher&gt;
&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Alternate Syntax"></a><a name="Alternate_Syntax"><strong>Alternate Syntax</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>
    The <code>ExpiresDefault</code> and <code>ExpiresByType</code> directives can also be
    defined in a more readable syntax of the form:
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;&lt;base&gt; [plus] {&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;}*&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;

&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType type&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;&lt;base&gt; [plus] {&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;}*&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;

&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType type;encoding&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;&lt;base&gt; [plus] {&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;}*&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;</code></pre></div>
    <p>
    where <code>&lt;base&gt;</code> is one of:
    </p>
    <ul>
    <li><code>access</code></li>
    <li><code>now</code> (equivalent to '<code>access</code>')</li>
    <li><code>modification</code></li>
    </ul>

<p>
    The <code>plus</code> keyword is optional. <code>&lt;num&gt;</code> should be an
    integer value (acceptable to <code>Integer.parseInt()</code>), and
    <code>&lt;type&gt;</code> is one of:
    </p>
    <ul>
    <li><code>year</code>, <code>years</code></li>
    <li><code>month</code>, <code>months</code></li>
    <li><code>week</code>, <code>weeks</code></li>
    <li><code>day</code>, <code>days</code></li>
    <li><code>hour</code>, <code>hours</code></li>
    <li><code>minute</code>, <code>minutes</code></li>
    <li><code>second</code>, <code>seconds</code></li>
    </ul>
    <p>
    For example, any of the following directives can be used to make documents
    expire 1 month after being accessed, by default:
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 1 month&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;

&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 4 weeks&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;

&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 30 days&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;</code></pre></div>
<p>
The expiry time can be fine-tuned by adding several
'<code>&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;</code>' clauses:
</p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType text/html&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 1 month 15 days 2 hours&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;

&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType image/gif&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;modification plus 5 hours 3 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;</code></pre></div>
    <p>
    Note that if you use a modification date based setting, the <code>Expires</code>
    header will <strong>not</strong> be added to content that does not come from
    a file on disk. This is due to the fact that there is no modification time
    for such content.
    </p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expiration headers generation eligibility"></a><a name="Expiration_headers_generation_eligibility"><strong>Expiration headers generation eligibility</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>
    A response is eligible to be enriched by <code>ExpiresFilter</code> if :
    </p>
    <ol>
    <li>no expiration header is defined (<code>Expires</code> header or the
    <code>max-age</code> directive of the <code>Cache-Control</code> header),</li>
    <li>the response status code is not excluded by the directive
    <code>ExpiresExcludedResponseStatusCodes</code>,</li>
    <li>the <code>Content-Type</code> of the response matches one of the types
    defined the in <code>ExpiresByType</code> directives or the
    <code>ExpiresDefault</code> directive is defined.</li>
    </ol>

<p>
    Note : If <code>Cache-Control</code> header contains other directives than
    <code>max-age</code>, they are concatenated with the <code>max-age</code> directive
    that is added by the <code>ExpiresFilter</code>.
    </p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expiration configuration selection"></a><a name="Expiration_configuration_selection"><strong>Expiration configuration selection</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>
    The expiration configuration if elected according to the following algorithm:
    </p>
    <ol>
    <li><code>ExpiresByType</code> matching the exact content-type returned by
    <code>HttpServletResponse.getContentType()</code> possibly including the charset
    (e.g. '<code>text/xml;charset=UTF-8</code>'),</li>
    <li><code>ExpiresByType</code> matching the content-type without the charset if
    <code>HttpServletResponse.getContentType()</code> contains a charset (e.g.
    '<code>text/xml;charset=UTF-8</code>' -&gt; '<code>text/xml</code>'),</li>
    <li><code>ExpiresByType</code> matching the major type (e.g. substring before
    '<code>/</code>') of <code>HttpServletResponse.getContentType()</code>
    (e.g. '<code>text/xml;charset=UTF-8</code>' -&gt; '<code>text</code>'),</li>
    <li><code>ExpiresDefault</code></li>
    </ol>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Expires Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The <strong>Expires Filter</strong> supports the following
    initialisation parameters:</p>

<table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ExpiresExcludedResponseStatusCodes</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
         <p>
         This directive defines the http response status codes for which the
         <code>ExpiresFilter</code> will not generate expiration headers. By default, the
         <code>304</code> status code ("<code>Not modified</code>") is skipped. The
         value is a comma separated list of http status codes.
         </p>
         <p>
         This directive is useful to ease usage of <code>ExpiresDefault</code> directive.
         Indeed, the behavior of <code>304 Not modified</code> (which does specify a
         <code>Content-Type</code> header) combined with <code>Expires</code> and
         <code>Cache-Control:max-age=</code> headers can be unnecessarily tricky to
         understand.
         </p>
         <p><i>See sample below the table</i></p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ExpiresByType &lt;content-type&gt;</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
         <p>
         This directive defines the value of the <code>Expires</code> header and the
         <code>max-age</code> directive of the <code>Cache-Control</code> header generated for
         documents of the specified type (<i>e.g.</i>, <code>text/html</code>). The second
         argument sets the number of seconds that will be added to a base time to
         construct the expiration date. The <code>Cache-Control: max-age</code> is
         calculated by subtracting the request time from the expiration date and
         expressing the result in seconds.
         </p>
         <p>
         The base time is either the last modification time of the file, or the time
         of the client's access to the document. Which should be used is
         specified by the <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> field; <code>M</code> means that the
         file's last modification time should be used as the base time, and
         <code>A</code> means the client's access time should be used. The duration
         is expressed in seconds. <code>A2592000</code> stands for
         <code>access plus 30 days</code> in alternate syntax.
         </p>
         <p>
         The difference in effect is subtle. If <code>M</code> (<code>modification</code> in
         alternate syntax) is used, all current copies of the document in all caches
         will expire at the same time, which can be good for something like a weekly
         notice that's always found at the same URL. If <code>A</code> (
         <code>access</code> or <code>now</code> in alternate syntax) is used, the date of
         expiration is different for each client; this can be good for image files
         that don't change very often, particularly for a set of related
         documents that all refer to the same images (<i>i.e.</i>, the images will be
         accessed repeatedly within a relatively short timespan).
         </p>
         <p>
         <strong>Note:</strong> When the content type includes a charset (e.g.
         <code>'ExpiresByType text/xml;charset=utf-8'</code>), Tomcat removes blank chars
         between the '<code>;</code>' and the '<code>charset</code>' keyword. Due to this,
         configuration of an expiration with a charset must <strong>not</strong> include
         such a space character.
         </p>
         <p><i>See sample below the table</i></p>
         <p>
         It overrides, for the specified MIME type <i>only</i>, any
         expiration date set by the <code>ExpiresDefault</code> directive.
         </p>
         <p>
         You can also specify the expiration time calculation using an alternate
         syntax, described earlier in this document.
         </p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ExpiresDefault</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
         <p>
         This directive sets the default algorithm for calculating the
         expiration time for all documents in the affected realm. It can be
         overridden on a type-by-type basis by the <code>ExpiresByType</code> directive. See the
         description of that directive for details about the syntax of the
         argument, and the "alternate syntax"
         description as well.
         </p>
      </td></tr></table>

<p><i>Sample: exclude response status codes 302, 500 and 503</i></p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;init-param&gt;
 &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresExcludedResponseStatusCodes&lt;/param-name&gt;
 &lt;param-value&gt;302, 500, 503&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;</code></pre></div>

<p><i>Sample for ExpiresByType initialization parameter</i></p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;init-param&gt;
   &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType text/html&lt;/param-name&gt;
   &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 1 month 15   days 2 hours&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;

&lt;init-param&gt;
   &lt;!-- 2592000 seconds = 30 days --&gt;
   &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType image/gif&lt;/param-name&gt;
   &lt;param-value&gt;A2592000&lt;/param-value&gt;
&lt;/init-param&gt;</code></pre></div>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Troubleshooting"><strong>Troubleshooting</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>
    To troubleshoot, enable logging on the
    <code>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter</code>.
    </p>
    <p>
    Extract of logging.properties
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter.level = FINE    </code></pre></div>
    <p>
    Sample of initialization log message:
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Mar 26, 2010 2:01:41 PM org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter init
FINE: Filter initialized with configuration ExpiresFilter[
 excludedResponseStatusCode=[304],
 default=null,
 byType={
    image=ExpiresConfiguration[startingPoint=ACCESS_TIME, duration=[10 MINUTE]],
    text/css=ExpiresConfiguration[startingPoint=ACCESS_TIME, duration=[10 MINUTE]],
    text/javascript=ExpiresConfiguration[startingPoint=ACCESS_TIME, duration=[10 MINUTE]]}]</code></pre></div>
    <p>
    Sample of per-request log message where <code>ExpiresFilter</code> adds an
    expiration date is below. The message is on one line and is wrapped here
    for better readability.
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Mar 26, 2010 2:09:47 PM org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter onBeforeWriteResponseBody
FINE: Request "/tomcat.gif" with response status "200"
 content-type "image/gif", set expiration date 3/26/10 2:19 PM</code></pre></div>
    <p>
    Sample of per-request log message where <code>ExpiresFilter</code> does not add
    an expiration date:
    </p>

<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Mar 26, 2010 2:10:27 PM org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter onBeforeWriteResponseBody
FINE: Request "/docs/config/manager.html" with response status "200"
 content-type "text/html", no expiration configured</code></pre></div>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>This filter triggers parameters parsing in a request and rejects the
    request if some parameters were skipped during parameter parsing because
    of parsing errors or request size limitations (such as
    <code>maxParameterCount</code> attribute in a
    <a href="http.html">Connector</a>).
    This filter can be used to ensure that none parameter values submitted by
    client are lost.</p>

<p>Note that parameter parsing may consume the body of an HTTP request, so
    caution is needed if the servlet protected by this filter uses
    <code>request.getInputStream()</code> or <code>request.getReader()</code>
    calls. In general the risk of breaking a web application by adding this
    filter is not so high, because parameter parsing does check content type
    of the request before consuming the request body.</p>

<p>Note, that for the POST requests to be parsed correctly, a
    <code>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</code> filter must be configured above
    this one. See CharacterEncoding page in the FAQ for details.</p>

<p>The request is rejected with HTTP status code 400 (Bad Request).</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Failed Request Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.FailedRequestFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The Failed Request Filter does not support any initialization parameters.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP Header Security Filter"></a><a name="HTTP_Header_Security_Filter"><strong>HTTP Header Security Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP Header Security Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="HTTP_Header_Security_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>There are a number of HTTP headers that can be added to the response to
    improve the security of the connection. This filter provides a mechanism for
    adding those headers. Note that security related headers with more complex
    requirements, like CORS, are implemented as separate Filters.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP Header Security Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="HTTP_Header_Security_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the HTTP Header Security Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.HttpHeaderSecurityFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP Header Security Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="HTTP_Header_Security_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The HTTP Header Security Filter supports the following initialization
    parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The <strong>Remote Address Filter</strong> allows you to compare the
    IP address of the client that submitted this request against one or more
    <em>regular expressions</em>, and either allow the request to continue
    or refuse to process the request from this client. </p>

<p>The syntax for <em>regular expressions</em> is different than that for
    'standard' wildcard matching. Tomcat uses the <code>java.util.regex</code>
    package. Please consult the Java documentation for details of the
    expressions supported.</p>

<p><strong>Note:</strong> There is a caveat when using this filter with
    IPv6 addresses. Format of the IP address that this valve is processing
    depends on the API that was used to obtain it. If the address was obtained
    from Java socket using Inet6Address class, its format will be
    <code>x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x</code>. That is, the IP address for localhost
    will be <code>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</code> instead of the more widely used
    <code>::1</code>. Consult your access logs for the actual value.</p>

<p>See also: <a href="#Remote_Host_Filter">Remote Host Filter</a>.</p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Remote Address Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteAddrFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The <strong>Remote Address Filter</strong> supports the following
    initialisation parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Example"><strong>Example</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>To allow access only for the clients connecting from localhost:</p>
<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>    &lt;filter&gt;
      &lt;filter-name&gt;Remote Address Filter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
      &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteAddrFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
      &lt;init-param&gt;
        &lt;param-name&gt;allow&lt;/param-name&gt;
        &lt;param-value&gt;127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1&lt;/param-value&gt;
      &lt;/init-param&gt;
    &lt;/filter&gt;
    &lt;filter-mapping&gt;
      &lt;filter-name&gt;Remote Address Filter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
      &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
    &lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The <strong>Remote Host Filter</strong> allows you to compare the
    hostname of the client that submitted this request against one or more
    <em>regular expressions</em>, and either allow the request to continue
    or refuse to process the request from this client. </p>

<p><strong>Note:</strong> This filter processes the value returned by
    method <code>ServletRequest.getRemoteHost()</code>. To allow the method
    to return proper host names, you have to enable "DNS lookups" feature on
    a <strong>Connector</strong>.</p>

<p>See also: <a href="#Remote_Address_Filter">Remote Address Filter</a>,
    <a href="http.html">HTTP Connector</a> configuration.</p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Remote Address Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteHostFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The <strong>Remote Host Filter</strong> supports the following
    initialisation parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>Tomcat port of
    <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a>,
    this filter replaces the apparent client remote IP address and hostname for
    the request with the IP address list presented by a proxy or a load balancer
    via a request headers (e.g. "X-Forwarded-For").</p>

<p>Another feature of this filter is to replace the apparent scheme
    (http/https), server port and <code>request.secure</code> with the scheme presented
    by a proxy or a load balancer via a request header
    (e.g. "X-Forwarded-Proto").</p>

<p>If used in conjunction with Remote Address/Host filters then this filter
    should be defined first to ensure that the correct client IP address is
    presented to the Remote Address/Host filters.</p>

<p><strong>Note:</strong> By default this filter has no effect on the
    values that are written into access log. The original values are restored
    when request processing leaves the filter and that always happens earlier
    than access logging. To pass the remote address, remote host, server port
    and protocol values set by this filter to the access log,
    they are put into request attributes. Publishing these values here
    is enabled by default, but <code>AccessLogValve</code> should be explicitly
    configured to use them. See documentation for
    <code>requestAttributesEnabled</code> attribute of
    <code>AccessLogValve</code>.</p>

<p>The names of request attributes that are set by this filter
    and can be used by access logging are the following:</p>

<ul>
      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.RemoteAddr</code></li>
      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.RemoteHost</code></li>
      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.Protocol</code></li>
      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.ServerPort</code></li>
      <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.remoteAddr</code></li>
    </ul>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Remote IP Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for'"></a><a name="Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'"><strong>Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for'</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>
    The filter will process the <code>x-forwarded-for</code> http header.
    </p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>      &lt;filter&gt;
        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
        &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
      &lt;/filter&gt;

&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
        &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
        &lt;dispatcher&gt;REQUEST&lt;/dispatcher&gt;
      &lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<p>
    The filter will process <code>x-forwarded-for</code> and
    <code>x-forwarded-proto</code> http headers. Expected value for the
    <code>x-forwarded-proto</code> header in case of SSL connections is
    <code>https</code> (case insensitive). </p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>      &lt;filter&gt;
        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
        &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
        &lt;init-param&gt;
          &lt;param-name&gt;protocolHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
          &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-proto&lt;/param-value&gt;
        &lt;/init-param&gt;
      &lt;/filter&gt;

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with internal proxies"></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_internal_proxies"><strong>Advanced configuration with internal proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>     &lt;filter&gt;
       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;protocolHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-proto&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
     &lt;/filter&gt;</code></pre></div>
    <p>Request values:</p>
    <table class="defaultTable">
      <tr>
        <th>Property</th>
        <th>Value Before RemoteIpFilter</th>
        <th>Value After RemoteIpFilter</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130, 192.168.0.10 </td>
        <td> null </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> null </td>
        <td> null </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-proto'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> https </td>
        <td> https </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.scheme </td>
        <td> http </td>
        <td> https </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.secure </td>
        <td> false </td>
        <td> true </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.serverPort </td>
        <td> 80 </td>
        <td> 443 </td>
      </tr>
    </table>

<p>
    Note : <code>x-forwarded-by</code> header is <code>null</code> because only
    internal proxies has been traversed by the request.
    <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is <code>null</code> because all the proxies are
    trusted or internal.
    </p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with trusted proxies"></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_trusted_proxies"><strong>Advanced configuration with trusted proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>     &lt;filter&gt;
       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;trustedProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;proxy1|proxy2&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
     &lt;/filter&gt;</code></pre></div>
    <p>Request values:</p>
    <table class="defaultTable">
      <tr>
        <th>Property</th>
        <th>Value Before RemoteIpFilter</th>
        <th>Value After RemoteIpFilter</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130, proxy1, proxy2 </td>
        <td> null </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> null </td>
        <td> proxy1, proxy2 </td>
      </tr>
    </table>

<p>
    Note : <code>proxy1</code> and <code>proxy2</code> are both trusted proxies that
    come in <code>x-forwarded-for</code> header, they both are migrated in
    <code>x-forwarded-by</code> header. <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is <code>null</code>
    because all the proxies are trusted or internal.
    </p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with internal and trusted proxies"></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_internal_and_trusted_proxies"><strong>Advanced configuration with internal and trusted proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>     &lt;filter&gt;
       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;trustedProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;proxy1|proxy2&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
     &lt;/filter&gt;</code></pre></div>
    <p>Request values:</p>
    <table class="defaultTable">
      <tr>
        <th>Property</th>
        <th>Value Before RemoteIpFilter</th>
        <th>Value After RemoteIpFilter</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130, proxy1, proxy2, 192.168.0.10 </td>
        <td> null </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> null </td>
        <td> proxy1, proxy2 </td>
      </tr>
    </table>

<p>
    Note : <code>proxy1</code> and <code>proxy2</code> are both trusted proxies that
    come in <code>x-forwarded-for</code> header, they both are migrated in
    <code>x-forwarded-by</code> header. As <code>192.168.0.10</code> is an internal
    proxy, it does not appear in <code>x-forwarded-by</code>.
    <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is <code>null</code> because all the proxies are
    trusted or internal.
    </p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>     &lt;filter&gt;
       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
       &lt;init-param&gt;
         &lt;param-name&gt;trustedProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
         &lt;param-value&gt;proxy1|proxy2&lt;/param-value&gt;
       &lt;/init-param&gt;
     &lt;/filter&gt;</code></pre></div>
    <p>Request values:</p>
    <table class="defaultTable">
      <tr>
        <th>Property</th>
        <th>Value Before RemoteIpFilter</th>
        <th>Value After RemoteIpFilter</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
        <td> untrusted-proxy </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130, untrusted-proxy, proxy1 </td>
        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
        <td> null </td>
        <td> proxy1 </td>
      </tr>
    </table>

<p>
    Note : <code>x-forwarded-by</code> holds the trusted proxy <code>proxy1</code>.
    <code>x-forwarded-by</code> holds <code>140.211.11.130</code> because
    <code>untrusted-proxy</code> is not trusted and thus, we can not trust that
    <code>untrusted-proxy</code> is the actual remote ip.
    <code>request.remoteAddr</code> is <code>untrusted-proxy</code> that is an IP
    verified by <code>proxy1</code>.
    </p>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The <strong>Remote IP Filter</strong> supports the
    following initialisation parameters:</p>

<table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">remoteIpHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the list of
        traversed IP addresses starting from the requesting client. If not
        specified, the default of <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">internalProxies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that a
        proxy's IP address must match to be considered an internal proxy.
        Internal proxies that appear in the <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong> will
        be trusted and will not appear in the <strong>proxiesHeader</strong>
        value. If not specified the default value of <code>
        10\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|192\.168\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|169\.254\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|127\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}
        </code> will be used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxiesHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Name of the HTTP header created by this valve to hold the list of
        proxies that have been processed in the incoming
        <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong>. If not specified, the default of
        <code>x-forwarded-by</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">requestAttributesEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to set the request attributes used by
        AccessLog implementations to override the values returned by the
        request for remote address, remote host, server port and protocol.
        Request attributes are also used to enable the forwarded remote address
        to be displayed on the status page of the Manager web application.
        If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">trustedProxies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that a
        proxy's IP address must match to be considered an trusted proxy.
        Trusted proxies that appear in the <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong> will
        be trusted and will appear in the <strong>proxiesHeader</strong> value.
        If not specified, no proxies will be trusted.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocolHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the protocol
        used by the client to connect to the proxy. If not specified, the
        default of <code>null</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">portHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the port
        used by the client to connect to the proxy. If not specified, the
        default of <code>null</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocolHeaderHttpsValue</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Value of the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> to indicate that it is
        an HTTPS request. If not specified, the default of <code>https</code> is
        used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">httpServerPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Value returned by <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>
        when the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> indicates <code>http</code>
        protocol and no <strong>portHeader</strong> is present. If not
        specified, the default of <code>80</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">httpsServerPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>Value returned by <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>
        when the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> indicates <code>https</code>
        protocol and no <strong>portHeader</strong> is present. If not
        specified, the default of <code>443</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeLocalPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        <p>If <code>true</code>, the value returned by
        <code>ServletRequest.getLocalPort()</code> and
        <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code> is modified by the this
        filter. If not specified, the default of <code>false</code> is used.</p>
      </td></tr></table>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The Request Dumper Filter logs information from the request and response
    objects and is intended to be used for debugging purposes. When using this
    Filter, it is recommended that the
    <code>org.apache.catalina.filter.RequestDumperFilter</code> logger is
    directed to a dedicated file and that the
    <code>org.apache.juli.VerbatimFormmater</code> is used.</p>

<p><strong>WARNING: Using this filter has side-effects.</strong>  The
    output from this filter includes any parameters included with the request.
    The parameters will be decoded using the default platform encoding. Any
    subsequent calls to <code>request.setCharacterEncoding()</code> within
    the web application will have no effect.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Request Dumper Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The Request Dumper Filter does not support any initialization
    parameters.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Sample Configuration"></a><a name="Sample_Configuration"><strong>Sample Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The following entries in a web application's web.xml would enable the
    Request Dumper filter for all requests for that web application. If the
    entries were added to <code>CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>, the Request
    Dumper Filter would be enabled for all web applications.</p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;filter&gt;
    &lt;filter-name&gt;requestdumper&lt;/filter-name&gt;
    &lt;filter-class&gt;
        org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter
    &lt;/filter-class&gt;
&lt;/filter&gt;
&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
    &lt;filter-name&gt;requestdumper&lt;/filter-name&gt;
    &lt;url-pattern&gt;*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>

<p>The following entries in CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties would
    create a separate log file for the Request Dumper Filter output.</p>
    <div class="codeBox"><pre><code># To this configuration below, 1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
# also needs to be added to the handlers property near the top of the file
1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = INFO
1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = request-dumper.
1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.formatter = org.apache.juli.VerbatimFormatter
org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter.level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter.handlers = \
  1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler</code></pre></div>
  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter"></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter"><strong>Set Character Encoding Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>User agents don't always include character encoding information in
    requests. Depending on the how the request is processed, usually the
    default encoding of ISO-8859-1 is used. This is not always
    desirable. This filter provides options for setting that encoding or
    forcing it to a particular value. Essentially this filter calls
    <code>ServletRequest.setCharacterEncoding()</code> method.</p>

<p>Effectively the value set by this filter is used when parsing parameters
    in a POST request, if parameter parsing occurs later than this filter. Thus
    the order of filter mappings is important. Note that the encoding for GET
    requests is not set here, but on a <b>Connector</b>. See
    CharacterEncoding page in the FAQ for details.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the Set Character Encoding Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The Set Character Encoding Filter supports the following initialization
    parameters:</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter/Introduction"></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>Microsoft operating systems have two WebDAV clients. One is used with
    port 80, the other is used for all other ports. The implementation used with
    port 80 does not adhere to the WebDAV specification and fails when trying to
    communicate with the Tomcat WebDAV Servlet. This Filter provides a fix for
    this by forcing the use of the WebDAV implementation that works, even when
    connecting via port 80.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter/Filter Class Name"></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The filter class name for the WebDAV Fix Filter is
    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.WebdavFixFilter</code>
    </strong>.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter/Initialisation parameters"></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>

<p>The WebDAV Fix Filter does not support any initialization parameters.</p>

</blockquote></td></tr></table>

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